The recent findings on PPCPs in the Ganges add to research documenting chemical and microplastic pollution throughout the mountain range, including the world's highest peak, Mount Everest, said . The first concerted attempt to clean the Ganges began in 1986, when Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi launched the initial phase of the Ganga Action Plan with the aim of making the river pollution free. According to Joshi, the cause behind cleaner Ganga water is a 500 per cent decrease in total dissolved solid (TDS), industrial effluent, dharamshalas, sewage from hotels and lodges. Increasing the water pollution is the sewage dumps into the river. With industries shut and people staying home, the quality of Ganga river water has witnessed a significant improvement of around ''40 to 50 per cent'' since March 24, the day when Prime Minister. Ganges River water quality was assessed to record the changes due to the nation-wide pandemic lockdown. Horrifying images have emerged of hundreds of saffron cloth-shrouded bodies of COVID-19 victims floating along India's Ganges River after the start of the seasonal monsoon flooding dislodged the . Pollution of the Ganges, the largest river in India, poses significant threats to human health and the larger environment. In terms of health risk, our results indicate that mortality among one-month old infants dropped by 3.2 percentage points (50%) in the areas around the tanneries 4. . Ganga Action Plan launched in April 1986 in order to reduce the pollution load on the river. Research on heavy metal pollution of river Ganga: A review. Clean Ganga Fund: In 2014, it was formed for cleaning up of the Ganga, setting up of waste treatment plants, and conservation of biotic diversity of the river. Today's society is also worried about includes riverfront development, river-surface cleaning, specific kinds of pollution like plastic pollution, light pollution and biodiversity maintenance, sewage treatment infrastructure, Ganga noise pollution (Britannica, 2019). Kochi: The Ganga is one of Hinduism's holiest rivers, but it's also full of industrial effluents, sewage, plastics and underwater noise pollution.In fact, it is one of the most polluted rivers on the planet. The Ganges is a 2,525 km trans-boundary river of Asia that rises in the western Himalayas and flows through India and Bangladesh. On the pollution front, the ruling increases the likelihood of the river water in the area around the tanneries being in the 'fit-for-bathing' category by 40%. . Zargar and Ghosh[22] assessed the plankton Ganga[11], River Mississippi[12], River Alaknanda[13] and River population of Kadra reservoir polluted by Kaiga nuclear power Jhelum[14]. Results: The level of pesticides in Ganga water registered a drastic reduction in the last decade (i.e. When it enters West Bengal, it splits into two: 'The Padma' and 'The Hooghly.' Though pollution in the river Ganga is an age-old phenomenon still until the late 1970s, it was observed by photographer Raghubir Singh that none was aware of that fact six hundred kilometers were declared as dead zones. [12] The Central Pollution Control Board, or CPCB, said a few days ago that there are 36 Monitoring Units of the Ganges, out of which 27 have become safe for bathing and aquatic organisms. The "most sacred and holy "river Ganga is ranked as the world's sixth "polluted rivers.". These aspects caused deep meditation in many of us. Satellite-based (Sentinel-2) water quality analysis before and during lockdown was performed for seven selected locations spread across the entire stretch of the Ganges (Rishikesh-Dimond Harbour). • The city witnessed a 76 per cent decline NO2 levels, while PM2.5 saw a decline of 54 per cent . It is not only dead bodies and the ashes of burnt bodies that pollute the river, but also industrial effluents and untreated urban sewage. Unfortunately, the river has also become one of the most polluted bodies of water in the entire world, due to India's exploding population and rapid industrialization. Ganga, the largest river of the Indian sub-continent, originates from the Gaumukh ice cave of the Gangotri Glacier system at an altitude of 4100 m and discharges into the Bay of Bengal after traversing for over 2525 km through the plains of Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand, and West Bengal (Basu, 1992; Singh and Singh, 2007). India has been placed under a three-week lockdown since March 24 with its 1.3 billion people instructed to stay home in view of the coronavirus outbreak . The plan was to divert all drains spewing wastewater into the river to sewerage treatment plants, treat and then reuse the water. M.C Mehta vs Union of India is a case which can be seen as a stepping stone in the field of developing environmental law in India in the 1980s. The health of Ganga River has seen significant improvement since enforcement of the nationwide lockdown that has led to reduction in the dumping of industrial waste into it, experts have said. Plastic pollution in our land and aquatic environments is now recognized as one of the most pressing issues of our time. The Ganga river water was found to be suitable for bathing at most monitoring centres, the Central Pollution Control Board data showed. As a result of the industrial revolution, the Ganga River has worked its way up to being one of the world's most polluted rivers. But when the river flows downgradient, it meets the highly populated cities before. It flows east for 1,465 kilometres (910 mi), draining the states of Maharashtra (48.6%), Telangana (18.8%), Andhra Pradesh (4.5%), Chhattisgarh (10.9%) and . We have seen the environment around us rejuvenate during the lockdown and animals at places where we would normally not expect them to be at. (ANI) 2 min read . We have seen 40-50% improvement in the Ganga,' says a BHU professor Background of the case. The National Geographic "Sea to Source: Ganges" river expedition used rapid assessment methods to provide the first empirical baseline data on the source . Hundreds of industries on the Ganges release their waste directly into the river. The Ganga river and its tributaries come from cold, Himalayan-glacier-fed springs, which are pure and unpolluted. Pollution of River Ganga. More than four hundred million people in India live in the area that feeds the river, known as the Ganges River Basin. Source of Microplastics in Ganga River: Microplastics are recognised as a major source of marine pollution. Bhuvan-Ganga Web App: It ensures the involvement of the public in the monitoring of pollution entering into the river Ganga. Though the report was prepared in June this year, the CPCB recently declassified it after the Supreme Court ordered that all . This stretch is known to be the highly polluted region of the Ganga . But all is not well with the Ganga. Domestic wastewater from 97 towns situated near river Ganga, and industrial effluents, are the main sources of water pollution in the river, with . February 25, 2021. There are chemicals inside in the waste that make the living conditions in the river unbearable. . But a few checks can be made to identify & control rive pollution.. 1. Over 450 million people live in the Ganges river basin, and human waste is the cause of most of the pollution. The Ganges river basin is one of the most fertile and densely populated regions in the world and covers an area of 1,080,000 km 2 (400,000 square miles). Ganges River Pollution Caused by Polluted Tributaries Joining Ganges River Not only the Ganges River is polluted but the rivers joining Ganges River during its course are also heavily polluted. Because of the uncontrolled and uneven development of linked sectors like industries and agriculture, the perennial threat of a water crisis is intensifying. The Tehri Dam built on the Bhagirathi river is India's highest dam and supplies power and water to numerous Indian towns and cities. Several sources of it include: Untreated sewage from many cities along the river's course enters into the river. The COVID-19's gift to Ganga was seen within 10 days of nationwide lockdown. Pre-Post Check: Water quality of river before & after crossing a particular city/town can qua. A study of Ganga water samples collected on March 24, before the lockdown was imposed, and those collected on April 20 showed pollution had decreased by 25% to 30%. The plan was to make Ganga pollution free from Rishikesh to Kolkata. It is 1 560 miles (2 510 km) long and flows through China, India, Nepal and Bangladesh. This means that roughly 1 billion people have bathed in the sacred Ganges. More than 80 per cent of pollution in the Ganga is due to domestic sewage from surrounding towns and villages. Over 8 billion metric tons of plastic have been produced since 1950, and production is projected to increase to 34 billion metric tons by 2050. AFP In Haridwar, Har Ki Pauri Ghat, which used to be surrounded by lakh of pilgrims per day, is closed for the visitors amid the lockdown to contain coronavirus spread. The Bhagirathi river is one of the two sources that form the River Ganga, the other being the Alaknanda river. Its source is in Trimbakeshwar, Nashik, Maharashtra. In fact, the river's contamination levels have increased at many places since 2013, even though Rs 5,523 crore was released for . Sci., 2 (2020), pp. 1. AFTER LOCKDOWN AIR POLLUTION STATUS IN MUMBAI BEFORE LOCKDOWN AFTER LOCKDOWN AQI • The city of Mumbai has registered a spell of clean air after the commencement of lockdown on March 25 in view of coronavirus pandemic. Its levels of pollution are terrifying. The main causes of water pollution in the Ganga river are the disposal of human sewage and animal waste, increasing population density, and disposal of industrial waste into the river. According to NITI Aayog studies, 21 major Indian cities, including Delhi, may run out of groundwater totally. SN Appl. Pollution in the Ganges The Ganges is now a toxic river. For over a century, Kanpur has been a serious Centre for India's tannery business and is one among the three necessary industries next to paper and textiles. We've read news reports along this line for all . The Ganges begins in the Himalayas as a crystal clear river high in the mountains, but pollution and excessive usage transforms it into toxic sludge on its journey through cities and industrial. A study conducted by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) to know the variation in the Ganga's pollution levels before and after the monsoon says that in the post-monsoon phase, there is only one area in the river that complies with drinking water standards.. The Ganga Action Plan (GAP) was launched in 1986 as an initiative to protect the river. The Godavari (IAST: Godāvarī [ɡod̪aːʋəɾiː]) is India's second longest river after the Ganga and third largest in India, drains about 10% of India's total geographical area. The samples came from 38 sites in the Indian portion of the Ganga Basin and were collected between 2014 and 2016 in every stage of the monsoon season (before, during, and after). Because of the lockdowns, most of the industries, tourism activities, pilgrimage, hotels and lodges, shops in proximity to all these establishments, which are the major source . Research on heavy metal pollution of river Ganga: A review. Therefore, this plan was withdrawn on 31 March 2000, after spending Rs 901.71 Crore . TNN May 6, 2020, 17:04 IST TOI takes a look at how the river Ganga, India's lifeline, is faring in Varanasi, Kanpur and Prayagraj The coronavirus lockdown may have forced us to stay indoors, but it's been a boon for the environment. As per the data of the Central pollution control board (CPCB's) out of 36 various points of the Ganga river, the 27 points are found suitable for the propagation of wildlife and Fisheries. An Indian Hindu family walks on the shallow banks of the Yamuna river, covered with chemical foam caused by industrial and domestic pollution, during Chhath Puja festival in New Delhi on Nov. 2, 2019. Millions live on its banks across several states. Between May to December 2019, an international, female-led team traveled 2,575 kilometers (1,600 miles) of the transboundary Ganges before and after the monsoon season. The Ganges River originates at an altitude of 4,100 m in the Garhwal Himalaya and covers a distance of about 2,525 km before draining into the Bay of Bengal. coupled with infrastructure support to check the flow of polluted water, has made Ganga cleaner than before. Answer (1 of 2): This is a very tough question as river Ganga flows through a very large distance and covers many cities/towns etc. The report highlighted that due to a decrease in industrial activities and a decrease in domestic wastewater, the quality of water in the river has improved. Ann Agrar Sci, 15: 278-286. https . Satellite-based (Sentinel-2) water quality analysis before and during lockdown was performed for seven selected locations spread across the entire stretch of the Ganges (Rishikesh-Dimond Harbour). Lockdown: Ganga flows cleaner though just marginally Premium Water quality of river Ganga improves as Har Ki Pauri Ghat is shut and industries closed amid Lockdown, in Haridwar. Background. But the efforts to decrease the pollution level in the river became more. Evaluation of heavy metal pollution for River Gomti, in parts of Ganga Alluvial Plain, India. Ganges River water quality was assessed to record the changes due to the nation-wide pandemic lockdown. Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi take a ride on a solar-powered e-boat along the Ganges River at the Assi Ghat May 1, 2016 in Varanasi, India. In terms of health risk, our results indicate that mortality among one-month old infants dropped by 3.2 percentage points (50%) in the areas around the tanneries. The maximum pesticide level has been observed in Ganga water of Uttar Pradesh before NGRBA, accompanied by West Bengal, Bihar and Uttarakhand, whereas Bihar was the highly polluted state with regard to pesticide content in Ganga water since NGRBA. '1/10th of the pollution in Ganga river comes from industries. The Ganges network forms the second-largest plastic polluting catchment in the world, with over 0.12 million tonnes of plastic discharged into marine ecosystems per year, and is among 14 continental rivers . This means that surface water and rainwater in the basin area flow into the . What is the main source of the river Ganges? "One-tenth of the pollution in Ganga river comes from industries. Yes the discussions covered by the orator - next - were not targetted to : the 'Pollution of Ganga' & 'Save Ganga Exploration'. This means that there is no wildlife whatsoever in the river (besides humans of course). The river flows through 29 cities with . Industrial waste, however, stopped entering the Ganga. These Rivers include Yamuna, Gomti, Ramganga, and Kali. India's rivers aren't going to remain as clear as they are now forever, and will get dirty soon after life gets back to normal. Published: Friday 21 December 2018 A study conducted by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) to know the variation in the Ganga's pollution levels before and after the monsoon says that in the post-monsoon phase, there is only one area in the river that complies with drinking water standards. Fish and other marine life is visible in the water and in the ghats. It is a significant development," Mishra told news agency ANI. The Ganga has not become any cleaner under the Modi government. Ganga provides water to reportedly half-a-billion people, more than any other river on Earth, and on . Its source is in Trimbakeshwar, Nashik, Maharashtra. But they were discussing on various constructed dams and barrages on River Ganga, taking those as committed disasters. For Indians, it is a symbol of faith, and has been a source of livelihood for a large number of people. As industries are shut due to lockdown, situation has become better. READ: 'Ganga Water Made Potable Even Before Lockdown Was Imposed' Says Union Jal Shakti Minister Lockdown leads to fall in pollution levels But pause in industrial activity has aided Yamuna. The case focused on the need for protection of the Ganga from the perilous waste dumped into the river . When the ice of this glacier melts, it forms the clear waters of the Bhagirathi River. During the first phase of Ganga Action Plan 256 schemes of 462 crores were undertaken in Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and West Bengal. The current sewage generation in Varanasi is estimated at 300 MLD, which is expected to increase to . The central pollution control board had prepared a plan of 5 years in 1984 to make Ganga pollution-free. It's widely considered as a lifeline for many Indians. During the lockdown, domestic sewage would have increased owing to increased demand for water to maintain hand-washing hygiene. The Ganges River with 2601 km of length has been exposed to extreme pollution over the past few decades as reported by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), India. During the lockdown period, the Ganga water quality improved remarkably. It declared the Ganga as the 'National River' of India. As industries are shut due to lockdown, situation has become better. The river, which is severely polluted with human waste and industrial contaminants, provides water to about 40% of India's population across 11 states, serving an estimated population of 500 million people, which is more than any other river in the world. Pollution has left large sections of it dangerous to drink. The river flows through 100 cities with populations over 100,000; 97 cities with population between 50,000 to 100,000, and about 48 towns. Industrial waste and religious offerings wrapped in non-degradable plastics pile pollutants enter into the river as it . This led to pollution in the entire food chain wherever the by-product of the produce is consumed. 1-12. On the pollution front, the ruling increases the likelihood of the river water in the area around the tanneries being in the 'fit-for-bathing' category by 40%. Results revealed that due to the lockdown, the water quality of the Ganges improved with . Mehta v. Union of India and Ors is the 1 st River pollution case to emerge in environmental public interest legal proceeding. The central . According to the real time water monitoring data of the CPCB, out of the 36 monitoring units placed at various points of the Ganga river, the water quality around 27 points was suitable for bathing and . The National Geographic team traveled the full 1,600 miles of the main stem of the Ganges River twice during the 2019 expedition's two phases, from May to early July and again in late October to December, to study the flow of plastic based on conditions before and after the region's monsoon season. With industries shut and people staying indoors due to the lockdown, nature appears to be in rejuvenation mode. Almost five billion liters of sewage flow into the river every . View Record in Scopus Google Scholar. [4] after the establishment of National Ganga River Basin Authority (NGRBA) in 2009), still the . In the present study this effect was also observed at site- plant of Karnataka state. The Central Pollution Control Broad (CPCB) in its latest report -- 'Impact of lockdown on water quality of river Ganga, April 2020 -- has says the main source of water pollution in the river are . Hoping that the alarming outcomes of the new study will provide the first step in understanding ocean pollution, the international set of researchers analysed at least two sets of 60 samples of river water collected before and after the monsoon. The Ganges River originates in the Himalaya Mountains at Gomukh, the terminus of the Gongotri Glacier. The river flows through 29 cities with population over 100,000, 23 cities with population between 50,000 and . The rest is contributed by industrial waste. gram, industrial effluent monitoring, public awareness and However, the city's . The government is distributing the new green energy boats in an effort to help clean the Ganges River. There have been dangerous implications on the environment because of pollution in the water body. We have seen 40-50 per cent improvement in the Ganga. Syllabus & Strategy; Previous Year Qn Paper; General Studies; Ethics and Integrity - Strategical Approach As the Bhagirathi River flows down the Himalayas, it joins the Alaknanda River, officially forming the Ganges . Khan et al., 2017. A river basin is a region that is drained by a river, such as the Ganges, and any of its tributaries. These rivers further increase the level of pollution in the Ganges River. The Ganges (Ganga) River runs through northern India and is sacred to those who follow Hinduism. Despite so much effort, the Ganga action plan failed miserably and crores of money were spent on the Ganga action plans. In the last 34 years, more than Rs 30 thousand crore has been spent in different projects related to the Ganges river, but such results have never been seen before. Pollution of the water supply has become a global issue. It flows east for 1,465 kilometres (910 mi), draining the states of Maharashtra (48.6%), Telangana (18.8%), Andhra Pradesh (4.5%), Chhattisgarh (10.9%) and . Researchers estimated in 2018 that the Ganga was one of the ten river systems in the world that carried 93% of the plastic that ends up in the ocean from rivers alone. The Ganges is one India's holiest and also most-polluted rivers. ID: R1HPK0 (RF) Varanasi, India. Throughout its journey, the river accumulates plastic - macro, meso, and micro, from various sources, and transports it towards the sea. The main function of this plan was to make Ganga River free from the pollution from the disposal of waste from the cities settled on the banks of the river. Ann Agrar Sci, 15: 278-286. https . Photo: PTI. Several initiatives were . This study will explore what lead to this environmental disaster and why GAP was unsuccessful. A woman wearing a mask sits near a near deserted bank of the Ganga river in the wake of the coronavirus pandemic in Varanasi, March 20, 2020. M.C. Pollution of the Ganges (or Ganga), the largest river in India, poses significant threats to human health and the larger environment. The maximum pesticide level has been observed in Ganga water of Uttar Pradesh before NGRBA, accompanied by West Bengal, Bihar and Uttarakhand, whereas Bihar was the highly polluted state with regard to pesticide content in Ganga water since NGRBA. Syllabus & Strategy; Previous Year Qn Paper; Practice Questions; Mains. The water samples were collected before monsoon and after monsoon from the Haridwar to Varanasi stretch of the Ganga River. The Godavari (IAST: Godāvarī [ɡod̪aːʋəɾiː]) is India's second longest river after the Ganga and third largest in India, drains about 10% of India's total geographical area. The Ganga is clean, in some places so clean as to be fit for drinking. 01st May, 2016. 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